雅思阅读选择题考查细节时 你该怎么做？

雅思阅读选择题常常带给我们的感觉：哇哦!定位到了!

　　A.和文章中的题目好像耶!

　　B.跟原文说的是一个意思吧!?

　　C.压根儿找不着好吧。

　　D.好多生词哦，读不懂。

　　嗯......原文重现不要选，排除A。C毫无依据也排除掉。选D的话难以安慰我对未知事物的恐惧感。所以，选B没错了!于是心情舒畅，感觉人生到达了巅峰。

　　对答案，答案选C!!!顿时怀疑人生，该不会是答案给错了吧!?

　　当然了答案是不会错的，错就错在雅思阅读选择题选项中存在太多的陷阱和诱惑，让人迷失自己，看不清真相。

　　今天北京环球教育高琰老师就来告诉大家真正的真相：做好选择题，关键在于区分好题目是考查细节还是主旨!

　　选择题真相之一：考查细节的选择

　　考查细节的选择题定位到出处，答案往往在定位句，不会跑的太远，如果你选的答案发现离定位处有点距离，不好意思，你极有可能选择了干扰项!

　　话不多说，先上一道题目：

　　(C7T1R3Q27)

　　The book Educating Psyche is mainly concerned with

　　A.the power o f suggestion in learning.

　　B.a particular technique for learning based on emotions.

　　C.the effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious.

　　D.ways of learning which are not traditional.

　　文章出处(第一段)：

　　Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning. One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.

　　这道题目定位不难，存在斜体Educating Psyche，原文重现。

　　有多数的同学会选C，因为与原文好像哦：

　　C.the effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious.

　　原文：describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning.(有没有想过答案果真如此一致，雅思是来考眼神儿的吗?你让那些带着600度眼镜的学霸们情何以堪?!)

　　同时有不少同学会选A，原文有表达同样的意思哟：

　　A.the power o f suggestion in learning.

　　原文：One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.

　　嗯......同学们错的有理有据，正确答案选D!

　　来来来，分析一下：

　　首先题目的题干是：这本书Educating Psyche主要是关于什么的。

　　细节or主旨?

　　试问一本书的的主要内容会因为一篇文章的引用而改变吗?

　　若是，试问如此一本立场不坚定的书是如何混到雅思界的?!

　　所以这道题目与主旨无关，是考查细节的。按这样的逻辑，答案就在定位词附近。

　　我们先来看看定位词所在的这句话：

　　Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning.

　　看到这里，有同学就跳出来说，对呀，就是C呀!

　　但是同学们，没有看见吗，C是考官做过手脚的，特点是咋看与文章大程度一致，细看细节处有出入，这就是考官惯用的伎俩!

　　这句话还有一部分：

　　Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning，

　　这里的looks at 和 is concerned with同义替换;radical可能不认识，但new 大家都认识吧，“新的”和“not traditional(非传统的)”对应;同时ways of learning和approaches to learning完美改写，所以答案选D。

　　至于A嘛，根本就是答非所问，与问题无关。

　　发现了吗，答案就在定位词Educating Psyche后面，我们却总匆匆错过，还在遥远的地方满世界找答案!

　　我们可以再来看一道题目：

　　(C10T2R3Q35)

　　The writer says that unlike other forms of art, a painting does not

　　A.involve direct contact with an audience.

　　B.require a special location for a performance.

　　C.need the involvement of other professionals.

　　D.have a special beginning or end.

　　首先，看一看题目是细节还是主旨。虽然题目开始就说“The writer says that......”，但并不一定意味着这是一道主旨题(要知道整篇文章都是作者说的)。

　　判断主旨与细节，最关键的是看连接题干与选项的动作或连词是与具体对象还是作者直接有关!

　　这里的 does not 显然是 painting 发出的动作，所以回到原文只要定位出“unlike other forms of art，a painting怎样怎样的”，答案就呼之欲出了!

　　原文：

　　This is particularly distressing because time seems to be a vital factor in the appreciation of all art forms. A fundamental difference between paintings and other art forms is that there is no prescribed time over which a painting is viewed. By contrast, the audience encourage an opera or a play over a specific time, which is the duration of the performance. Similarly novels and poems are read in a prescribed temporal sequence, whereas a picture has no clear place at which to start viewing, or at which to finish. Thus art works themselves encourage us to view them superficially, without appreciating the richness of detail and labour that is involved.

　　原文可定位到两处出处：

　　1.A fundamental difference between paintings and other art forms is that there is no prescribed time over which a painting is viewed.

　　2.Similarly novels and poems are read in a prescribed temporal sequence, whereas a picture has no clear place at which to start viewing, or at which to finish.

　　第1处，可见是与时间有关，选项只有D与时间有关;第2处，直接与D同义替换，相当明显!两处均可做出该题目。

　　至于这个段落其他地方说的啥，我们才不管呢，想干扰我们，诱惑我们，没门!

　　那么区分开考查细节与主旨题目的意义何在呢?

　　首先，一个段落的细节与主旨不一定是冲突的，但对于考查细节的题目，所谈论的细节或题目所提问细节的角度，不一定与段落主旨方向一致或相关(不要忘了为了支持自己的观点，作者也有可能举反例)。

　　区分开考查细节与主旨题目的意义在于降低错误选项的干扰。

　　我们之所容易被干扰项干扰，主要是因为读到了细节之外的内容(往往是作者进一步论证延伸的部分)，不知不觉被其说服，以为就是答案。当我们确认了细节题目，就会有意识地不被无关信息干扰，着重理解定位词所在的1～3句话，快狠准地找到答案。

　　讲了那么多，我们来练习一下吧!

　　以下是剑5 Test1Reading passage 3的一道题目，看一看使用今天的技巧有没有简单很多。

　　36.The writer suggests that newspapers print items that are intended to

　　A.educate readers.

　　B.meet their readers' expectations.

　　C.encourage feedback from readers.

　　D.mislead readers.

　　原文：

　　A third source of confusion is the attitude of the media. People are clearly more curious about bad news than good. Newspapers and broadcasters are there to provide what the public wants. That, however, can lead to significant distortions of perception. An example was America’s encounter with El Ni?o in 1997 and 1998. This climatic phenomenon was accused of wrecking tourism, causing allergies, melting the ski-slopes and causing 22 deaths. However, according to an article in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, the damage it did was estimated at US $4 billion but the benefits amounted to some US $19 billion. These came from higher winter temperatures (which saved an estimated 850 lives, reduced heating costs and diminished spring floods caused by meltwaters).